Formulating the Research Question (PICO Framework)

Learning Objectives

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

• Understand the importance of a well-formulated research question
• Apply the PICO framework to structure your research question
• Identify the components of a strong systematic review question

Introduction

Formulating a precise research question is the cornerstone of a successful systematic review. The PICO framework (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) provides a structured approach to developing a clear and focused question.

Understanding PICO

The PICO framework helps break down the research question into manageable parts:

• Population: Who are the participants or population of interest?
• Intervention: What is the intervention being considered?
• Comparison: Is there a comparison treatment or control group?
• Outcome: What are the expected outcomes or effects?

Applying PICO to Your Question

Using PICO, you can create a well-defined question that guides your search strategy and data extraction process. This clarity helps ensure that your review is focused and comprehensive.

Interactive Exercise

Try structuring a research question using the PICO framework with this interactive tool:

Conclusion

A well-formulated research question sets the stage for a successful systematic review. By applying the PICO framework, you ensure that your question is clear, focused, and answerable.

EviSynth offers tools to help you craft and refine your research questions effectively. Explore EviSynth's resources.